ISO_639 {ISOcodes} | R Documentation |
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) codes for the representation of languages. Consists of three parts, with more parts work in progress. ISO 639-1 consists of 185 two-letter (alpha-2) codes used to identify the world's major languages. ISO 639-2 has three-letter (alpha-3) codes for 485 languages. ISO 639-3 extends the ISO 639-2 alpha-3 codes with an aim to cover all known natural languages.
data("ISO_639_2") data("ISO_639_3") data("ISO_639_3_Retirements")
ISO_639_2
is a character data frame with variables
Alpha_3_B
and Alpha_3_T
(the ISO 639-2 bibliographic and
terminological codes), Alpha_2
(the corresponding ISO 639-1
alpha-2 code if available), and Name
.
ISO_639_3
is a data frame with the following variables:
Id
:Part2B
:Part2T
:Part1
:Scope
:"I"
(Individual),
"M"
(Macrolanguage) and "S"
(Special).Type
:"L"
(Living
languages), "E"
(Extinct languages), "A"
(Ancient
languages), "H"
(Historic languages), "C"
(Constructed languages), and "S"
(Special).Name
:Comment
:
ISO_639_3_Retirements
is a data frame giving the languages
retired from ISO 639-3, with variables:
Id
:Ret_Reason
:"C"
(change),
"D"
(duplicate), "N"
(non-existent), "S"
(split), and "M"
(merge).Change_To
:Ret_Remedy
:Effective
:Date
object giving the date
the retirement became effective.While most languages are given one code by the ISO 639-2 standard, twenty-two of the languages described have two three-letter codes, a “bibliographic” code (ISO 639-2/B, B-code), which is derived from the English name for the language and was a necessary legacy feature, and a “terminological” code (ISO 639-2/T, T-code), which is derived from the native name for the language. The range qaa-qtz is reserved for local use.
ISO 639-3 is a superset of ISO 639-1 and of the individual languages in ISO 639-2. ISO 639-1 and ISO 639-2 focused on major languages, most frequently represented in the total body of the world's literature. Since ISO 639-2 also includes language collections, whereas Part 3 does not, ISO 639-3 is not a superset of ISO 639-2. Where B and T codes exist in ISO 639-2, ISO 639-3 uses the T-codes.
http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/ for ISO 639-2;
http://www.sil.org/iso639-3/download.asp for ISO 639-3.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_639