power.equivalence.md {MBESS}R Documentation

Power of Two One-Sided Tests Procedure (TOST) for Equivalence

Description

A function to calculate the power of the two one-sided tests prodedure (TOST). This is the probability that a confidence interval lies within a specified equivalence interval. (See package equivalence, function tost.)

Usage

power.equivalence.md(alpha, logscale, ltheta1, ltheta2, ldiff, sigma, n, nu)

Arguments

alpha alpha level for the 2 t-tests (usually alpha=0.05). Confidence interval for full test is at level 1- 2*alpha
logscale whether to use logarithmic scale TRUE or not FALSE
ltheta1 lower limit of equivalence interval
ltheta2 upper limit of equivalence interval
ldiff true difference (ratio on log scale) in treatment means
sigma sqrt(error variance) as fraction (root MSE from ANOVA, or coefficient of variation)
n number of subjects per treatment (number of total subjects for crossover design)
nu degrees of freedom for sigma

Value

power Power of TOST (probability that (1- 2*alpha) confidence interval will lie within (theta1, theta2) given sigma, n, and nu)

Author(s)

Kem Phillips; kemphillips@comcast.net

References

Diletti, E., Hauschke D. & Steinijans, V.W. (1991) Sample size determination of bioequivalence assessment by means of confidence intervals, International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, Therapy and Toxicology, 29, No. 1, 1-8.

Phillips, K.F. (1990) Power of the Two One-Sided Tests Procedure in Bioquivalence, Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, 18, No. 2, 139-144.

Schuirmann, D.J. (1987) A comparison of the two one-sided tests procedure and the power approach for assessing the equivalence of average bioavailability, Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, 15. 657-680.

See Also

power.equivalence.md.plot, power.density.equivalence.md, tost

Examples

 # Suppose that two formulations of a drug are to be compared on 
 # the regular scale using a two-period crossover design, with 
 # theta1 = -0.20, theta2 = 0.20, rm{CV} = 0.20, the 
 # difference in the mean bioavailability is 0.05 (5 percent), and we choose 
 # n=24, corresponding to 22 degrees of freedom.  We need to test 
 # bioequivalence at the 5 percent significance level, which corresponds to 
 # having a 90 percent confidence interval lying within (-0.20, 0.20). Then 
 # the power will be 0.8029678.  This corresponds to Phillips (1990), 
 # Table 1, 5th row, 5th column, and Figure 3.  Use
 
power.equivalence.md(.05, FALSE, -.2, .2, .05, .20, 24, 22)

# If the formulations are compared on the logarithmic scale with 
# theta1 = 0.80, theta2 = 1.25, n=18 (16 degrees of freedom), and 
# a ratio of test to reference of 1.05. Then the power will be 0.7922796.
# This corresponds to Diletti, Table 1, power=.80, CV=.20, ratio=1.05, and Figure 1c. Use

power.equivalence.md(.05, TRUE, .8, 1.25, 1.05, .20, 18, 16)

[Package MBESS version 2.0.0 Index]