Leaves {YaleToolkit} | R Documentation |
Measurements of the percentages of leaves in 31 morphological (or architectural) categories found in 245 leaf floras from 4 studies.
data(Leaves)
A data frame with 245 observations on the following 33 variables.
Lobd
Entr
TReg
TCls
TRnd
TAcu
TCmp
ZNan
ZLe1
ZLe2
ZMi1
ZMi2
ZMi3
ZMe1
ZMe2
ZMe3
AEmg
ARnd
AAcu
AAtn
BCor
BRnd
BAcu
Rlt1
Rb12
Rb23
Rb34
Rgt4
SObo
SElp
SOvt
MAT
Study
Wolfe173
Jacobs
Gregory
Kowalski
Data consists of a data frame with 245 rows and 33 columns (variables). The rows represent floras (collections of plants from a defined locality); the first 31 variables are percentages of leaves in each flora in each of 31 morphological categories; the 32nd variable is mean annual temperature of the area from which the floras was collected in degrees C, and the 32nd is a factor indicating which of 4 published studies the floras come from. See cited publications for more details.
Green, W. A. (2006) Loosening the CLAMP: An exploratory graphical approach to the Climate Leaf Analysis Multivariate Program {it Palaeontologia Electronica} 9(2):9A.
<http://www.palaeo-electronica.org/2006_2/clamp/index.html>
<http://www.open.ac.uk/earth-research/spicer/CLAMP/Physg3ar.xls> (the climatic variables)
<http://www.open.ac.uk/earth-research/spicer/CLAMP/MET3AR.xls> (the morphological leaf scores)
Gregory-Wodzicki, K. M. (2000) Relationships between leaf morphology and climate, Bolivia: implications for estimating paleoclimate from fossil floras. {it Paleobiology} 26(4):668–688.
Jacobs, B. F. (1999) Estimation of rainfall variables from leaf characters in tropical Africa. {it Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology} 145:231–250.
Jacobs, B. F. (2002) Estimation of low-latitude paleoclimates using fossil angiosperm leaves: examples from the Miocene Tugen Hills, Kenya. {it Paleobiology} 28(3):399–421.
Kowalski, E. A. (2002) Mean annual temperature estimation base on leaf morphology: a test from tropical South America. {it Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology} 188:141–165.
Wolfe, J.A., (1993), A method of obtaining climatic parameters from leaf assemblages. {it U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin} 2040, 73 pp.
data(Leaves) ## maybe str(Leaves) ; plot(Leaves) ...