carb {seacarb} | R Documentation |
Returns parameters of the seawater carbonate system.
carb(flag = 8, var1 = 8.2, var2 = 2400, S = 35, T = 25, P = 0, k1k2 = "r", phflag = 0, ini = "s")
flag |
select the couple of variables to be used, see below, default is 8 that is pH and total alkalinity
The flags which can be used are: flag = 1 pH and CO2 given flag = 2 CO2 and HCO3 given flag = 3 CO2 and CO3 given flag = 4 CO2 and ALK given flag = 5 CO2 and DIC given flag = 6 pH and HCO3 given flag = 7 pH and CO3 given flag = 8 pH and ALK given flag = 9 pH and DIC given flag = 10 HCO3 and CO3 given flag = 11 HCO3 and ALK given flag = 12 HCO3 and DIC given flag = 13 CO3 and ALK given flag = 14 CO3 and DIC given flag = 15 ALK and DIC given |
var1 |
enter value of the first variable in umol/kg except for pH, default is pH = 8.2 |
var2 |
enter value of the second variable in umol/kg except for pH, default is total alkalinity = 2400 umol/kg |
S |
Salinity, default is 35 |
T |
Temperature in degrees Celsius, default is 20oC |
P |
Hydrostatic pressure in bar (surface = 0), default is 0 |
k1k2 |
"r" for using K1 and K2 from Roy et al. and "m" for using K1 and K2 from Mehrbach, default is "r" |
phflag |
The pH scale is either the total scale (0) or the free scale (1), default is 0 |
ini |
"s" if the input data are given through the keyboard or "f" if there are provided in a file (see example below), default = s |
Note that the results output is also stored in the file carb.out located in your working directory. It is a text file with tab delimiters. This file is created if it does not exist and the results are appended if it is already present in the directory.
S |
Salinity |
T |
Temperature in degrees Celsius |
P |
Pressure in bar |
PH |
pH |
CO2 |
CO2 concentration (mol/kg) |
pCO2 |
pCO2, CO2 partial pressure (uatm) |
fCO2 |
fCO2, CO2 fugacity (uatm) |
HCO3 |
HCO3 concentration (mol/kg) |
CO3 |
CO3 concentration (mol/kg) |
DIC |
DIC concentration (mol/kg) |
ALK |
ALK, total alkalinity (mol/kg) |
Oa |
Omega aragonite, aragonite saturation state |
Oc |
Omega calcite, calcite saturation state |
PhiD |
PhiD, chemical buffer factor (dpH/d[DIC]); input/output of dissolved CO2 (unit pH per mol/kg) |
BetaD |
BetaD, homogeneous buffer factor (dln(pCO2)/dln[DIC]); input/output of dissolved CO2 |
PiD |
PiD, chemical buffer factor (dpCO2/d[DIC]); input/output of dissolved CO2 (uatm per mol/kg) |
PhiB |
PhiB, chemical buffer factor (dpH/d[DIC]); from input/output of bicarbonate (unit pH per mol/kg) |
BetaB |
BetaB, homogeneous buffer factor (dln(pCO2)/dln[DIC]); input/output of bicarbonate |
PiB |
PiB, chemical buffer factor (dpCO2/d[DIC]); input/output of dissolved CO2 (uatm per mol/kg) |
PhiC |
PhiC, chemical buffer factor (dpH/d[DIC]); input/output of carbonate (unit pH per mol/kg) |
BetaC |
BetaC, homogeneous buffer factor (dln(pCO2)/dln[DIC]); input/output of carbonate |
PiC |
PiC, chemical buffer factor (dpCO2/d[DIC]); input/output of carbonate (uatm per mol/kg) |
PhiH |
PhiH, chemical buffer factor (dpH/d[DIC]); input/output of strong acid (unit pH per mol/kg) |
PiH |
PiH, chemical buffer factor (dpCO2/d[DIC]); input/output of strong acid (uatm per mol/kg) |
Aurelien Proye and Jean-Pierre Gattuso
DOE 1994 Handbook of methods for the analysis of the various parameters of the carbon dioxide system in sea water. ORNL/CDIAC-74. Oak Ridge,Tenn.: Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
Frankignoulle, M. 1994 A complete set of buffer factors for acid/base CO2 system in seawater. Journal of Marine Systems 5, 111-118.
Zeebe, R. E. and Wolf-Gladrow D. A., 2001 CO2 in seawater: equilibrium, kinetics, isotopes. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 346 pp.
##Data entry via the keyboard carb(8, 8.2, 2400, 35, 20, 0) The input parameters are pH=8.2, total alkalinity = 2400 umol/kg, Salinity = 35, temperature = 20 oC and pressure = 0 bar (that is surface water) The output is: Salinity: 35 Temperature: 20 oC Pressure: 0 bar pH: 8.2 CO2: 8.806348e-06 (mol/kg) pCO2: 271.7384 (uatm) fCO2: 271.7386 (uatm) HCO3: 0.001745663 (mol/kg) CO3: 0.0002702233 (mol/kg) DIC: 0.002024693 (mol/kg) ALK: 0.0024 (mol/kg) Omega aragonite: 4.198604 Omega calcite: 6.46017 PhiD: -1480.407 BetaD: 8.792809 PiD: 1.180102 PhiB: -169.2848 BetaB: 1.891109 PiB: 0.2538098 PhiC: 1141.838 BetaC: -5.010592 PiC: -0.6724823 PhiH: -1311.123 PiH: 0.9262921 ## Data entry via a file carb(ini = "f") The file must be located in your home directory and provide the column names (these names MUST match the names listed above) and the data must be separated by tabs. For example: flag PH ALK S T P 8 8.2 2400 35 20 0 8 8.2 2400 35 20 0